KOJIC ACID 2 % SOAP WITH NIACINAMIDE

1. Ingredients

• Natural Source: Niacinamide can be synthesized from nicotinic acid, which is derived from plant-based sources like cereals and vegetables .
• Biodegradable: Niacinamide is a biodegradable compound, meaning it breaks down naturally in the environment without causing pollution .

2. Production Process

• Low Energy Consumption: The production process for niacinamide is relatively energy-efficient compared to synthetic chemicals, reducing the overall carbon footprint .

3. Packaging

• Recyclable Packaging: If SOAP WITH NIACINAMIDE uses recyclable or biodegradable packaging, it minimizes waste and reduces the carbon footprint associated with plastic production and disposal .

4. Environmental Impact

• Low Emissions: The production of niacinamide generates fewer harmful by-products compared to many synthetic chemicals, leading to lower greenhouse gas emissions .

Scientific Explanation

• Biodegradability of Niacinamide: Niacinamide’s structure allows it to be broken down by natural processes, reducing its persistence in the environment. This biodegradability ensures that it does not accumulate and cause long-term environmental harm .

• Adherence to Green Chemistry: The production of niacinamide often adheres to the principles of green chemistry, which aim to reduce the environmental impact of chemical production through efficient use of resources and minimization of waste .

Conclusion

1. Raw Material Extraction

• Niacinamide Production: The production of niacinamide involves chemical synthesis, which generally has a lower carbon footprint compared to synthetic chemicals.
  • Assume 0.5 kg CO₂e per kg of niacinamide produced.
• Other Ingredients: Other common soap ingredients like vegetable oils (e.g., coconut oil, olive oil) have their own carbon footprints.
  • Assume 1 kg CO₂e per kg of vegetable oil.

2. Production

• Energy Use: Manufacturing processes for soap typically involve mixing, heating, and cooling, which consume energy.
  • Assume 2 kg CO₂e per kg of soap produced.

3. Packaging

• Materials: If the packaging is made of recyclable or biodegradable materials, the carbon footprint is reduced.
  • Assume 0.2 kg CO₂e per kg of packaging material.

4. Transportation

• Distribution: The carbon footprint of transportation depends on the distance and mode of transportation (truck, ship, etc.).
  • Assume 0.1 kg CO₂e per kg of product transported 1000 km.

5. Use

• Consumer Use: The carbon footprint during the use phase is generally low for soap.
  • Assume 0.01 kg CO₂e per use.

6. Disposal

• End-of-Life: If the soap and packaging are biodegradable, the carbon footprint is minimal.
  • Assume 0.05 kg CO₂e per kg of product disposed.

Example Calculation

• Niacinamide: 2%
• Vegetable oils and other ingredients: 98%

1. Raw Material Extraction:
   • Niacinamide: 0.1 kg * 0.02 * 0.5 kg CO₂e = 0.001 kg CO₂e
   • Vegetable oils: 0.1 kg * 0.98 * 1 kg CO₂e = 0.098 kg CO₂e
2. Production:
   • 0.1 kg * 2 kg CO₂e = 0.2 kg CO₂e
3. Packaging:
   • 0.1 kg * 0.2 kg CO₂e = 0.02 kg CO₂e
4. Transportation:
   • 0.1 kg * 0.1 kg CO₂e = 0.01 kg CO₂e
5. Use:
   • 0.01 kg CO₂e
6. Disposal:
   • 0.1 kg * 0.05 kg CO₂e = 0.005 kg CO₂e

Total Carbon Footprint

• Raw Material Extraction: 0.001 + 0.098 = 0.099 kg CO₂e
• Production: 0.2 kg CO₂e
• Packaging: 0.02 kg CO₂e
• Transportation: 0.01 kg CO₂e
• Use: 0.01 kg CO₂e
• Disposal: 0.005 kg CO₂e

References

1. [Source on natural origins of niacinamide]
2. [Source on biodegradability of niacinamide]
3. [Source on energy-efficient production processes]
4. [Source on sustainable packaging]
5. [Source on low emissions in niacinamide production]
6. [Source on biodegradability specifics]
7. [Source on green chemistry principles]